Gwangju Metropolitan City is a city in the southwest of South Korean, which is adjacent to South Jeolla Province. It is located in the east of Mudeungsan (1,187m) and the upstream of the Yeongsan River. It is the fifth largest city in South Korean, and also an administrative, military, economic, social and cultural hub city in the southwest of South Korean. It covers an area of 501.31 square kilometers, and has a population of 1,488,467 (2013). Gwangju belonged to Mahan during the Proto-Three Kingdoms period and Baekje during the Three Kingdoms period. Gwangju was called Mujinju during Baekje and Muju during Silla, and became a capital during the post Baekje, which made it become a political and cultural center together with Jeonju in the Honam area of South Korean.