Nanjing Southern Railway Station is located in Shanjialou, Yuhuatai district of Nanjing, and is under the supervision of the Shanghai Railway Administration. The construction of the station began on Jan 10, 2008, and it came into use on June 28, 2011.

The station serves as the junction station of the Beijing-Shanghai Express Railway, Shanghai-Wuhan-Chengdu Express Railway, and Nanjing-Anqing Intercity Railway, and it is also one of the five largest departure stations of Beijing-Shanghai Express Railways.

Nanjing Southern Railway Station covers a total area of 458,000 square meters, including 281,500 square meters occupied by the main station building. Now, it is the largest railway station in Asia.

It is also a national junction station connecting 8 important railways, including Nanjing-Chengdu Railway, Beijing-Shanghai Express Railway, Nanjing-Hangzhou Intercity Express Railway, Nanjing-Anqing Intercity Express Railway, Ningjing-Qidong Intercity Express Railway, Nanjing-Hefei Intercity Express Railway, Yanjiang Express Railwayand Nanjing-Nantong Express Railway.

It also connects the Metro Line 1 South Extension, Metro Line 3 (under construction), Metro Line 6 (under construction), and Metro Line 12 (under construction) as well as the Airport Express and the Highway-ring around Nanjing. Nanjing South Railway Station will have 15 waiting rooms, 3 station yards, and 15 platforms.

The third floor contains a large waiting room, with a commercial area inside; the second floor provides two halls at the south and north ends, containing ticket offices and automatic ticket machines, as well as a platform for elevated railways in the middle. In addition, the waiting room provides moving walkways usually found only in large airports.

Nanjing South Railway Station provides 15 platforms. Platforms 1-10 are for trains on the Beijing-Shanghai Railway (direction: Shanghai-Nanjing-Beijing); platforms 11-22 are for trains on the Nanjing-Chengdu Railway (direction: Nanjing-Hankou-Chongqing-Chengdu) and Nanjing-Hangzhou Railway (direction: Nanjing-Hangzhou); platforms 23-28 are for trains on the Nanjing-Anqing Railway (direction: Nanjing-Anqing).